MySQL 的安装和配置

Mysql安装和配置

注意：在安装时候要注意命令是在哪个用户，哪个目录下面执行的

1.上传压缩包

上传压缩包到/usr/local tar-zxvf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 解压

2.检查以前是否有安装

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ps -ef |grep mysqld 

rpm -qa |grep -i mysql

3.建立软连接

1 2	cd /usr/local ln -s mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

4.创建用户和用户组

root用户 cd /usr/local

groupadd -g 101 dba
useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin

[root@localhost local]# id mysqladmin
uid=514(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)

设置密码

1	passwd mysqladmin

设置mysqladmin的用户主组和家目录

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usermod -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin

cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql   ==> 解决样式缺失问题

5.创建 /etc/my.cnf文件权限640

cd /etc/

vi my.cnf
******

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M

table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600


# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 32

#isolation level and default engine 
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

server-id  = 1
basedir     = /usr/local/mysql
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file     = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid

#open performance schema
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now

binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error  = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
#other logs
#general_log =1
#general_log_file  = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
#slow_query_log=1
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err

#for replication slave
#log-slave-updates 
#sync_binlog = 1

#for innodb options 
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 200M
# 这里是进行调优的点，通常5或6个G就
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1

#innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
#purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on

#case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

6.更改权限和安装所需依赖包

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yum install -y perl
yum install -y autoconf
yum install -y libaio

cd /usr/local

1 2	chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf chmod 640 /etc/my.cnf

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[root@localhost local]# cd /etc/
[root@localhost etc]# ll my.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 mysqladmin dba 2268 Dec  1 14:08 my.cnf

权限修正时候最好加上/*
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql/*
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

mysql5.6 在部署的时候就是一个空密码
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/*
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

7.切换用户执行安装程序

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su - mysqladmin 
mkdir arch backup
scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysqladmin --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8.配置myql服务设置开机自启动

cd /user/local/mysql
#将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
#赋予可执行权限
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
#删除服务
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --del mysql
#添加服务
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/rc.local
添加：su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated" 当切换到mysqladmin用户的时候自动开启mysql服务

9.启动mysql服务

su - mysqladmin
rm -rf my.cnf
执行 mysqld_safe &

查看mysqld进程
[root@localhost etc]# ps -ef |grep mysqld
mysqlad+  10427      1  0 14:20 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqlad+  11070  10427  0 14:20 pts/0    00:00:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      13384   9841  0 15:15 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tulnp | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      11070/mysqld    

[root@localhost ~]# service mysql status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (11070)

10登录mysql

su - mysqladmin

输入mysql 进入mysql客户端
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+

显示四个说明正常
mysql> use mysql
设置密码
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+----------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host           | user | password                                  |
+----------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost      | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost      | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| 127.0.0.1      | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| ::1            | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost      |      |                                           |
+----------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> delete from user where user='';

授权远程访问
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges

grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'ruozedata'
授予所有的权限，给所有的用户下面的所有对象给root用户，@是允许这台机器来自于哪些用户，百分号代表任意的意思，
% 任意ip访问

mysql> use mysql
Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host                  | user | password                                  |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| 127.0.0.1             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| ::1                   | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| %                     | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

11.编辑配置文件.bashrc

添加mysql_home

1	[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ cat .bashrc

# .bashrc

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
	. /etc/bashrc
fi

# Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature:
# export SYSTEMD_PAGER=

# User specific aliases and functions

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

# 配置进入mysql显示路径
PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1

# 配置别名
alias l="ls -ltr"
alias la="ls -la"
alias d="df -lk"
#alias rm="rm -i"
alias bg="ps -aef|grep mysql"
alias base="cd /usr/local/mysql"
alias bin="cd //usr/local/mysql/bin"
alias dba="cd /usr/local/mysql/dba"
alias sh="cd /usr/local/mysql/dba/sh"
alias sql="cd /usr/local/mysql/dba/sql"
alias config="cd /usr/local/mysql/dba/config"
alias dbalog="cd /usr/local/mysql/dba/log"
alias arch="cd /usr/local/mysql/arch"
alias data="cd /usr/local/mysql/data"
## endendend

[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ source .bashrc

12.检查配置是否正确

[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ source .bashrc 
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ echo $MYSQL_HOME
/usr/local/mysql
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ which mysql

13.配置主机名

cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.52.50 ruozedata001

第一行第二行 不要动
内网中配置ip hostname
代码中统一写hostName
ping hostname 
shell脚本 程序 CDH部署 统统使用hostname

MySQL安装
彩蛋：
1.台配置执行脚本的三种方式：

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/root/test.sh &
nohup /root/test.sh &
nohup /root/test.sh 2>&1 &

2.crontab秒级定时

首先配置分钟级别，然后在脚本中采用for循环加sleep控制